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The first in the Greek living Konstantinovsky Palace in St. Petersburg, Putin appeared. To sit down it, according to the rules of etiquette, did not and in a few minutes standing under the incessant clicking of cameras. When Erdogan finally appeared, politicians shook hands and smiled a little stiffly on the camera. Obviously, the front was to discuss a number of issues that do not involve simple solutions.
«Dear President, dear colleagues, we all know that in previous years, the level and nature of our relationship has reached an unprecedented level and quality, – Putin began. – However, after the famous tragedy, which killed our soldiers in November 2015, they have fallen to a very low level, degraded »
The Russian leader stressed that this meeting is taking place in a difficult domestic political situation in Turkey, as the country. eliminate the consequences of the failed military coup of July 15-16. “It says that we all want the resumption of dialogue, rapprochement in the interests of the peoples of Turkey and Russia”, – added the politician
The Turkish President was more optimistic.. After thanking Putin for a phone call in hot pursuit of the coup, Erdogan promised that Russia and Turkey are waiting for great things. According to him, the desire to Ankara and Moscow to “great goals” has long been known and “in the region is very much waiting for” the cooperation of the two countries.
Gas Alliance back in force
After two hours of talks, Putin and Erdogan spoke about a number of successful agreements. Most specific applications for the economy, not politicians.
The two leaders agreed to resume the project of gas pipeline “Turkish Stream”. According to Putin, is expected to commence in the near future. The head of “Gazprom” Alexei Miller said that the subject under negotiation right now, and Russian Energy Minister Alexander Novak said that the first pipeline (estimated capacity of 15.75 billion cubic meters) could be launched in the second half of 2019.
Initially, “Turkish stream” was planned as a transit gas pipeline through which Russian gas was supplied to Europe through Turkey. Its total capacity should reach 63 billion cubic meters (four threads), with about 14-15 billion intended to Turkish consumers. Now it is a maximum of two Threads total capacity of about 32 billion cubic meters
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In this case, Novak stressed that the construction of the second branch is necessary to obtain guarantees of the European Union and the European Commission that this infrastructure will be in demand, and south-eastern Europe will receive the necessary volumes of gas. Erdogan also indicated that Turkey will provide the status of “strategic investment” draft NPP “Akkuyu»
«The economic situation in Turkey does not develop in the best way, -. Said Alexander brick, a political scientist, an expert on relations with the Turkish media, collaborating with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. – Unemployment is at 18%, the tourism sector in some parts of Turkey suffers heavy losses, small business, where 20% of companies are focused only on one country – Russia is also going through hard times. ” All this has forced Erdogan to make every effort to repair relations with Moscow, the expert said.
«Of course, the question of” the gradual lifting of the sanctions “bring a smile to Erdogan’s face that says, that the trade turnover between the two countries must not only grow to $ 100 billion, he said earlier, and even exceed this figure, “- he added” Gazety.Ru »
Erdogan Excitement about the success of the negotiations. It could be seen even from his movements at the final conference. His statement, he almost completely read from the sheet, and only after the last time, thanked Putin, he looked at his Russian counterpart. Putin looked much calmer and seem to expect that Erdogan will allow him to insert a couple of words in the monologue of the Turkish leader.
Compensation paused
Getting a Russian military campaign in Syria in the autumn of 2015 was the reason growing tensions between Russia and Turkey. The reason for the disorder has become final tragic episode at the border between Turkey and Syria in November. Then the Turkish Air Force shot down a Russian Su-24 bomber, explaining that he had violated the airspace. Russia has denied it. Putin has called the incident “stab in the back” by Ankara
Russia’s reaction was immediate -. In the form of economic sanctions and restrictions on political contacts. Political trust between the two countries has been undermined, and the Russian-Turkish dialogue proved to be frozen for nine months. The warming of bilateral relations began after June 27 the Kremlin announced a personal message to Erdogan, Putin, in which the Turkish leader apologized for the downed Su-24.
From the formal point of view, the consequences of the incident with the Su-24 has not yet been overcome
Turkey fulfilled only two conditions that put domestic MFA:. apologized and started (but not completed) trials of the suspects in the murder Peshkov and destruction of the Su-24. We are talking about the commander of the militant group “Grey Wolves” Alparslane Celik, who previously claimed that he personally shot the Russian pilot, while he was down on a parachute. In addition, after the military coup Ankara informed the media of the two pilots, who, according to the Turkish authorities, first personally made the decision to shoot down the Su-24, taking advantage of the new Air Force Response rules on border threats, and after the bombing Ankara, deciding to join the coup.
the third condition put forward by Moscow and has not yet been made by Turkey, – a payment of compensation to the families and friends of those who have suffered as a result of the incident with the Su-24. Obviously, the Kremlin decided to close our eyes to this part and to meet Turkey. In late June, the first official delegation from Ankara, arrived in Moscow after thawing relations, compensation was not discussed.
9 August the Minister of Economic Development of Russia Alexei Ulyukayev said after talks in St. Petersburg reported that the issue was not raised and . this time
what is silent
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not discussed also a broad topic – the Syrian crisis. Putin said during a final conference that Moscow and Ankara share a common goal in Syria – to overcome the conflict. Erdogan also stressed that the subject policy will be discussed separately and during a different meeting.
According to the former head of the Turkish Foreign Ministry, an expert of the International Discussion Club “Valdai” Yasar Yakis, “the issue of cooperation in Syria between Russia and Turkey is now the most difficult “, which is why Putin and Erdogan decided to leave it for later.
After the military coup in Turkey, the authorities conducted a purge in the Armed Forces ranks and were severely limited in their military capabilities. This makes the position of Ankara initially weaker, and Erdogan is obviously want to be better prepared to negotiate on these terms.
The more that the Syrian armed opposition, supported by the Turkish authorities recently concedes in battle with troops loyal ally of Moscow, Syrian President Bashar Assad. Ankara, in turn, to the Turkish coup repeatedly demanded depose Syrian President
«Turkish policy in Syria is in crisis not because it does not coincide with the Russian, -. Yakis said. – Turkish policy is dependent on what happens on the ground. It is in a sense, it adapts to the situation at the front. I think that the current situation will make Turkey a couple of steps closer to Russia. But this does not mean that the policy of Turkey in Syria will suddenly become un-American ».
Anti-Western bloc Erdogan
Analysts say the sharp reversal of political course of Ankara towards the West after the military coup. Erdogan reacted very sensitively to the US reaction, which in the past criticized the authoritarian “excesses” of the president. Turkish President well to remember that the US Secretary of State John Kerry in the first hours of the coup attempt was very vague in the wording and simply “call for peace” – that is, playing for time, waiting for who will win
After the rebellion was suppressed, and Erdogan sanctioned the arrest of thousands of people began to discuss the return of the death penalty, the US together with the EU hit him with criticism.
Western diplomats openly speculated that the events of July could be brutal provocation Ankara for further “crackdown” reprisals against the opposition and departure from democratic principles.
9 August, Erdogan stressed particularly that Putin behaved differently. Both Putin and Erdogan in his statements recalled that the Russian leader was one of the first who called the Turkish president after the coup. Putin said that this principled stand of Russia – countries always support the constitutional authority
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However, the telephone conversation Putin and Erdogan held on 17 July, a day after the military coup. Then the winning party was already evident. Erdogan himself flew to Istanbul and announced that the rebellion failed, even in the morning on July 16.
In any case, the Turkish state media for several weeks now say that it was Washington had a hand in preparing the coup. Erdogan demands to extradite to Turkey a preacher Fethullah Gulen, who, in the opinion of Ankara, and organized the coup. US demand hard evidence of involvement.
In addition, the Turkish president is irritated by the fact that a few planes with the Turkish base Incirlik, which is used by the US Air Force for operations in Syria, attacked the Ankara during coup. Moreover, the commander of Incirlik Bekir Ercan after the failure of the operation requested political asylum in the United States.
Inside the Turkish rhetoric also began to shift towards the West accused of ‘substitution of concepts “and” prejudice “against Turkey .
«I would not ascribe to Russia and Turkey warming anti-American relations. Turkey has its own dynamics of relations with various countries. Of course, relations with the United States we have now during the crisis, but the rapprochement with Russia is not due to this fact, “- said Yasar Yakis
« There are similarities state of relations between Russia and Turkey with the West in general -. Added ex -Chapters Turkish Foreign Ministry. – It encourages both countries to each other. sanctions imposed against Russia to Turkey under pressure on the issue of human rights, and this is an additional element that unites our country, except for objectively existing interests ».
On the same day, when Erdogan met with Putin and spoke about the positive, Turkey’s Minister for EU Affairs Ömer Çelik made a strong statement in the EU address.
according to him, Ankara is going to break the “migration bargain” with the EU, which limits the flow of Syrian refugees in Europe, because they do not see progress in the issue of facilitating the visa regime.
The EU refuses to introduce visa-free regime with Turkey, arguing that the country failed to comply with 72 conditions. Turkey counters that fulfilled.
«Erdogan plays not” anti-Western card. ” He dropped the card and put it on the “Russian card”, making it a priority, “- said Alexander bricks. “Russia and Turkey will not turn into an anti-Western bloc, Turkey – a NATO member and Russia to continue active cooperation with the EU, even against the background of anti-Russian sanctions”, – the expert believes
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